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Sains Malaysiana 54(7)(2025): 1797-1811
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5407-13
Evaluation of Aesthetic and Mechanical Properties of
Single Shade Dental Polymer Resin: An in-vitro Study
(Penilaian Sifat Estetik dan Mekanikal Resin Polimer Pergigian Satu Warna: Suatu Kajian in-vitro)
LIM
CHIEN WEN1, KELKAR KASTURI CHANDRASHEKHAR1, NOOR AZLIN
YAHYA2 & HADIJAH ABDULLAH1,*
1Restorative Dentistry
Department, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
2Restorative Dentistry
Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 29 Ogos 2024/Diterima: 21 Mei 2025
Abstract
This study evaluated the aesthetic and mechanical
properties of single shade resin composite comparing with three different resin
composites. Colour matching was performed on ninety class III preparations on acrylic central
incisors with shades B1, B2, and A3. One single shade (Omnichroma)
and three different multishade resin composite (Filtek Universal Restorative; Palfique LX5; Beautifil II) were used for restoration on each
side. Digital photograph was taken under
standardized set-up. Colour measurements were taken in the centre of
restoration, and tooth surface 1.0 mm from the tooth/restoration margin. The colour
difference was analysed using CIELAB equation. For colour stability and
surface roughness evaluation, resin composites (10 × 2 mm) were prepared and polished with Sof-LexTM discs. Baseline colour and surface roughness were assessed
using digital spectrophotometer and 3D Optical Surface Texture Analyzer,
respectively. After 28 days of immersion in distilled water or coffee, post
soaking colour changes and surface roughness were recorded. Flexural strength
test was performed on 40
specimens (25 × 2 ×
2 mm) according to ISO 4049. Three point bending test
was performed
using the universal testing machine. Omnichroma showed higher colour difference compared to composites in B1 shade (p<0.05).
After 28 days of coffee immersion, Omnichroma had
significantly different colour stability compared to
multi-shade system (p<0.05). There
was no difference between the surface
roughness of Omnichroma with multi-shade system. Omichroma exhibited the highest flexural strength
statically. Further
strengthening is needed to enhance Omnichroma’s properties for clinical use while preserving its ability to match surrounding
tooth structure.
Keywords: Colour
matching; colour stability; flexural strength; resin composite; surface
roughness
Abstrak
Penyelidikan
ini menilai sifat estetik dan mekanikal resin komposit satu warna berbanding
dengan tiga resin komposit yang berbeza. Pemadanan warna dilakukan pada
sembilan puluh persediaan Kelas III pada gigi insisiv tiruan dengan warna B1,
B2 dan A3. Satu resin komposit satu warna (Omnichroma) dan tiga resin komposit
pelbagai warna (Filtek Universal Restorative, Palfique LX5 dan Beautifil II)
digunakan untuk pemulihan pada setiap sisi. Gambar digital diambil di bawah
tetapan piawai. Ukuran warna diambil di pusat pemulihan dan pada permukaan gigi
1.0 mm daripada margin gigi/pemulihan. Perbezaan warna dianalisis menggunakan
persamaan CIELAB. Untuk penilaian kestabilan warna dan kekasaran permukaan,
resin komposit (10 × 2 mm) disediakan dan digilap dengan cakera Sof-LexTM.
Warna asas dan kekasaran permukaan dinilai masing-masing menggunakan
spektrofotometer digital dan Penganalisis Tekstur Permukaan Optik 3D. Selepas
28 hari perendaman dalam air suling atau kopi, perubahan warna selepas
perendaman dan kekasaran permukaan direkodkan. Ujian kekuatan lenturan
dilakukan pada 40 spesimen (25 × 2 × 2 mm) mengikut ISO 4049. Ujian lenturan
tiga titik dilakukan menggunakan mesin ujian universal. Omnichroma menunjukkan
perbezaan warna yang lebih tinggi berbanding komposit pada warna B1
(p<0.05). Selepas 28 hari perendaman dalam kopi, Omnichroma mempunyai
kestabilan warna yang berbeza dengan ketara berbanding sistem pelbagai warna
(p<0.05). Tiada perbezaan antara kekasaran permukaan Omnichroma dan sistem
pelbagai warna. Omnichroma menunjukkan kekuatan lenturan tertinggi secara
statistik. Pengukuhan lanjut diperlukan untuk meningkatkan sifat Omnichroma
bagi kegunaan klinikal sambil mengekalkan keupayaannya untuk menyesuaikan
struktur gigi sekeliling.
Kata kunci: Kekasaran permukaan; kekuatan lenturan; kestabilan warna;
komposit resin; padanan warna
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: hadijah@mahsa.edu.my
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